Bedey

 

     
THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PADMA BRIDGE

Study team : Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
Start : May 2003, END : March 2005

     
Timing of Submission Main Contents

Inception Report
June 2003
-Scope, methodology and implementation plan of the Study

Progress Report 1
September 2003
Selection of the bridge location alternatives, Traffic demand projection

Interim Report
March 2004
-Results of Preliminary Engineering  Studies
- Results of IEE and SIA
- Decision of  the Bridge Location

Progress Report 2
September  2004
-Design criteria and design  standards
-Comparative analysis, preliminary  design and construction plan

Draft Final Report
January  2005
-All Study results

Final Report
March 2005
- All study results, reflecting   comments by the Bangladeshi   Government

Findings of Progress report - 1
     
Four alternative bridge sites were identified as alternative locations in the following areas:
     
 
Site-1 : Paturia-Goalundo
Site-2 : Dohar-Charbhadrasan
Site-3 : Mawa-Janjira
Site-4 : Chandpur-Bhedarganj
     
-Four alternative locations were examined from the view points of existing transport of the project area, traffic demand forecast, preliminary river study and technical consideration in highway planning, preliminary bridge planning, environmental & social consideration.
     
-JICA study team considers site-1 and site-3 to be most advantageous for a new fixed crossing and recommends these sites for further study until Interim report.
     
 
Findings of the Interim report Basic Policy of the Feasible Study:
 
 
Main Function of Padma Bridge

Location of Padma Bridge
 
Socio-Economic Impacts of Padma Bridge
 
Associated Road Development Project
 
Associated Road Development Project
 
Impact of Macro Balance of the Country
 
Private Sector Participation

Study Items completed by Progress Report (1)

 
Collection & Review of Existing Data, Information and Reports related to the Study
 
Identification of Conceivable Bridge Crossing Sites
 
Traffic Survey & Traffic Demand Forecast
 
Preliminary River Study
 
Preliminary Technical Consideration of Highway & Bridge Planning
 
Preliminary Environment & Social Condition
 
Screening of Alternatives
     
 
     
 

   
 

The Study Items completed by Interim Report


         
      Engineering Survey  
   

Preliminary River Facility Design  
   

Preparatory Preliminary Study for Bridge & Highway  
      IEE  
   

SIA & Resettlement Issue  
   

Economic Effect & Preliminary Feasibility  
         
  Findings from Geotechnical Investigation  
         
    Difference of Subsoil Conditions between 2 Sites  
      N-values of SPT at Mawa-Janjira site are higher than those at Paturia-Goalundo site.  
         
    Horizontal Ground Reaction  
     
As the coefficients of horizontal ground reaction in the bored holes showed relatively smaller values, such characteristics would have to be considered in the preliminary design of foundations.
 
         
    Liquefaction  
     
Paturia-Goalundo site has high potential risks of liquefaction when sever earthquake takes place. On the other hand, Mawa - Janjira site has lesser potential risks of the same.
 
         

Finding (1 )

 
 

  N -values of SPT at Mawa-Janjira site are higher than those at Paturia-Goalundo. Main reason of this result might come from the subsoil composition at Paturia - Goalund that consists of relatively singular particle size distribution of fine sand.  
         
Finding (2)  
      Below maximum scour levels El -40m PWD, N-values of SPT at Mawa-Janjira are higher than those at Paturia-Goalundo.  
         

Finding (3)

 
   

From the pressure - meter tests in situ bored holes, the following relation was obtained:  
   

  Em=4.52N      
      Where, N:N-value of SPT  
        Em: Coefficient of horizontal ground reaction  
      Ref.: Em+7N.....Design specification of Highway Bridges adopted by JRA.  
              Em=7n  
         
Finding (4)  
      As a result of liquefaction analysis, there is no potential risk of liquefaction at Mawa-Janjira site.  
      On the other hand , there is some protential risks of liquefaction at Paturia-Goalundo site in some depts either before or after scour.  
 
       
   
 
         
  Preparatory Study for Preliminary Design on Bridge  
         
    Bridge Length, which was decided by the river study  
      Paturia-Goalundo= 6.5 km
Mawa-Janjira =6.2 km
 
    Applicable Bridge Types over 100m Span Length  
      Concrete Bridge: PC Continuous Box, Extradosed, Cable-stayed  
      Steel Bridge: Steel Continuous Box, Cable-stayed  
    Foundation Types  
      Steel Tubular Driven Piles, Cast-in-situ RC Piles, RC Caissons  
    Cost-Span Relation    
      Minimum cost would be at approx. 200m span length.  
    Favorable Bridge Types and Span Length  
     
PC extradosed girder bridge or PC cable-stayed girder bridge would be the most favorable bridge type from the view points of construction cost, maintenance cost, etc. Favorable span lengths will be further examined in a rage of 150m to 250m.
 
           
           
Initial Environmental Examinations (IEE)  
         
      Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) was conducted for the two preferred sites to identify the significant environmental impacts  
      A tailor made project specific 6 step template was developed exclusively for this project and applied for two sites  
      For the two sites, most of the impacts are found to be similar  
     
There is no significant advantage of one site over other
 
   
         
       
SIA and Resettlement Issues  
         
   
SIA was conducted for two alternative sites to ascertain the likely impacts of :
 
   
1.
Land acquisition  
   
2.
Local response to the project  
   
3.

Resettlement needs of the potentially affected persons

 
 

     
 

     

Survey Results

 
 

     
     
Estimated amount of land to be acquired is almost same (about 1,250 ha ) in both cases
 
      The number of affected households / structure varies due to differences in population density  
      Current estimate suggests:-  
      Mawa - Janjira 70,000 to 80,000  
      Paturia - Goalundo 40,000 to 45,000  
      Estimated LA and resettlement cost for M-J site is $39 million, and G-P is $24 million
 
      The Study Team found strong support to the project at both locations  
         
         
Traffic Study and Economic Analysis (Main Work Items)  
         
   
1)
Traffic Surveys (Traffic counts, OD Survey)  
   
2)
Establishment of Future Socioeconomic Framework (Population, GDP, GRDP)
 
   
3)
Traffic Demand Forecast (Target year 2025)  
   
4)
Confirmation of Economic Feasibility  
   
5)
Economic Impacts of the Padma Bridge  
     
1)
Improvement of Accessibility
     
2)
Regional Economic Development  
     
3)
Formation of International Road Network
 
         
         
Summary of Comparisons of Two Sites from traffic and Economic Point of View
         
Evaluation Criteria
Paturia-Goalundo
Mawa-Janjira
Traffic Demand (2025)
19,850 vehicles/day
41,550 vehicles/day
Economic Feasibility
EIRR=9.6%
EIRR=16.9%
Financial Project Cost (Million US$)
1,260
1,074
Improvement of
Accessibility
(Travel time)
Dhaka - Mongla
Dhaka - Benapole

(Beneficiary Population)
Within 3 hours from Dhaka
Within 4 hours from Dhaka

4.5 hours
4.6 hours

2,791,000 (9%)
12,738,000 (42%)
3.6 hours
3.6 hours

10,417,000 (35%)
22,247,000 (74%)
Density of Feeder Roads
No big difference
Formation of International Road Network
 
Asian Highway A-1. Short distance to Benapole Land Port and Mongla Sea Port
Regional Economic Development
GDP of Southwest region will increase by 18% (1.2% /year) GDP of Southwest region will increase by 35% (2.3% /year)
Growth centers around the bridge sites
No big difference
Indicative Cost
 
         
Paturia - Goalundo
Mawa - Janjira
US$ 1,260 million
US$ 1,074 million
Evaluation of P-G & M-J sites
         
Evaluation Criteria
Paturia - Goalundo
Mawa - Janjira
Economic
Feasibility
EIRR
9.6%
16.9%
B/C Ratio
0.71
1.81
NPV (Mil.Taka)
-9,857
23,140
Regional
Development
Increase of GRDP of Southwest Region
18% up
(1.2% per year)
35% up
(2.3% per year)
Environmental
Impact
Result of IEE
No big difference
Social impact and Resettlement Issues Households requiring relocation
1,842
2,635
Community structures affected
18
60
Total population affected (both direct and indirect)
40,000-45,000
70,000-80,000
Preliminary RAP cost
23.7 mil. US$
38.79 mil. US$
         
   
 
 

     
         
   
RIVER TRAINING WORKS (RTW)
 
   
Types of RTW: Guide Bund works (GBW),abutment protection works (APW) and bank protection works (BPW).
 
   
GBW: To guide river flow to the bridge opening and to protect bridge abutment and approach road from erosion.
 
   
APW: To protect bridge abutment from erosion.
 
   
BPW: To ensure the functions of the GBW and APW by maintaining present flow conditions around the bridge sites.
 
         
   
 
   
ALTERNATIVES SCHEMES
 
         
   
For RTW on Left Bank: Two alternative measures
(1) GBW facing to Padma river, or
(2) APW behind the less erodible riverbank (1km apart considering possible erosion during 100 years in future)
 
   
For RTW on Right Bank: GBW facing to Padma River were proposed, since no reliable stable bank for abutment could not be found on the right bank according to the erodibility study.
 
   
Alternative Schemes: In combination with the left and right RTW mentioned above, two alternative schemes with same functions were established each for PG-site and MJ-site.
 
   
BPW: The BPW were also planned for each site considering respective site conditions.
 
         
         
   
SELECTION OF OPTIMUM SITE
 
         
   
RTW in combination of GBW(R), APW(L) and BPW are proposed for both PG- and MJ- sites.
 
   
Construction Cost: According to the preliminary cost estimate, MJ-site requires less construction cost than PJ-site.
 
   
0ptimum Site: The optimum site will be finally proposed afterward considering economic, social and environmental aspects as well as the engineering aspect.
 
         
         
   
Steps of Environmental Study
 
         
   
Initial Environmental Assessment for Padma River eco-system particularly for four alternative sites
 
   
Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for two preferred sites (reporting in Interim Report)
 
   
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the selected site
 
   
Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
 
         
       
   
Objectives of IEE
 
         
    To identify the significant environmental impacts  
    Prepare Scope of EIA  
    Prepare a preliminary EMP with cost estimates  
         
         
   
Features of the IEE Study
 
         
   
Impact area is considered as 10,000 km2
 
   
ROW is considered as 60m and Bridge landing site requirement is assumed as 6 km2
 
   
Secondary data was collected on related parameters
 
   
Primary data was collected by questionnaire survey, reconnaissance, and discussion with local people.
 
         
         
   
Assessment Procedure
 <